[Athena] La robotisation de l'exploration spatiale, W. J. Clancey NASA, Conf. Ecole de Mines, Paris 4 fév. 2010

[Jean-François PICARD <jean-francois.picard AT mouchez.cnrs.fr>]

Madame, Monsieur, Cher(e)s,  collègues,
Nous avons le plaisir de vous inviter à la première
*Conférence de la
*Chaire Théorie et Méthodes de la Conception Innovante*
de *Mines ParisTech* qui  accueillera
*le  4 février 2010 de 17h30 à 19h :
William J. Clancey*
Chief Scientist, Human-Centered Computing
NASA Ames Research Center
*A Design Framework for Telerobotic Mission Operations:
Experience with the Mars Exploration Rovers*

Lieu de la conférence : Mines ParisTech, 60 bd Saint Michel Paris  
75006 (RER Luxembourg).
La salle sera indiquée à l'accueil.
Abstract: Most scientific space exploration involves using instruments  
onboard spacecraft (e.g.,Cassini orbiting Saturn, Hubble in Earth  
orbit) or surface vehicles (e.g., the MarsExploration Rovers, Huygens  
on Titan). The design of such missions (mission operations design)  
requires that systems engineering properly relate hardware (e.g.,i  
nstrument payloads), operations processes (i.e., from receiving  
telemetry totransmitting commands), organizational roles, and software  
systems (e.g., configuring command sequences and tracking data from  
request to interpreted products). Usually, the instruments are  
telerobotic computer-controlled and regularly reprogrammed by  
international teams of scientists and engineers. Configuring targets  
and parameter settings for the instruments constitutes another design  
process (science operations design), which occurs throughout the  
mission. These missions continue for years, so decisions made early in  
the mission operations design process affect the complexity, cost, and  
quality of science operations; spacecraft hardware designs  
particularly affect how scientific disciplines collaborate and whether  
they can use instruments in complementary ways. Mission failures serve  
as another motivation for improving design practices. Astudy of 35  
mission failures shows patterns in inadequate requirements analysis,  
use of legacy systems, and
management supervision that suggest mission operations design could  
benefit from a holistic theoretical framework for designing complex  
systems. This paper introduces a design framework that represents the  
mission operations experience of the Mars Exploration Rovers. For  
contrast, Cassini's instrument mounting is presented as a less  
parsimonious design that complicates scientific collaboration.